In the Sonoran Desert, a steel fence splits one city in two: Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales, Sonora. Same land, same climate, same people on both sides, yet a resident born a few steps north will live longer, earn several times more, and face far less violence than one born a few steps south. This book follows that riddle across five centuries, from the silver mines of Potosi and the failed colony of Jamestown to the debt crises of the 1980s, the currency collapses of Argentina and Bolivia, and the oil wealth that ruined Venezuela. It examines the rules colonizers left behind, the diseases and mountains that shaped them, the commodity booms that seduced and betrayed entire generations, and the countries, Chile, Uruguay, Costa Rica, that broke the pattern. Written for curious general readers rather than economists, it draws on historical research and current data to explain, without ideology or stereotype, why a shared continent produced two such different destinies, and what history suggests about whether that gap can still close.
In the Sonoran Desert, a steel fence splits one city in two: Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales, Sonora. Same land, same climate, same people on both sides, yet a resident born a few steps north will live longer, earn several times more, and face far less violence than one born a few steps south. This...