Dr. Muhammad Ayub is Professor of Islamic Economics and Finance at Riphah International University, Islamabad. His distinguished career spans central banking research, financial regulation, academia, executive training, and Sharīʿah advisory. A former senior official of the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), he has also served the AAOIFI as Founder Editor of the Journal of Islamic Finance Accountancy (JOIFA) and as a member of its Education Board. In addition, he acted as juris-consult to the Federal Shariat Court and has advised various national and international institutions.