Twelve Yards: The Penalty Kick. Psychology, Chance, and the Science Behind Football's Loneliest Shot
M. Muñoz
M. Muñoz
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121
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About this ebook
Twelve Yards: The Penalty Kick. Psychology, Chance, and the Science Behind Football's Loneliest Shot. On paper it is the simplest act in football: one player, one goalkeeper, twelve yards, no defenders. In practice it is one of the sport's most psychologically loaded moments, and the subject of decades of scientific study. Twelve Yards traces the penalty from its controversial 1891 introduction into the Laws of the Game, through the invention of the shootout in 1970, to the goalkeeper substitutions, scouting dossiers, and pre-shot rituals that define the modern duel. Drawing on sports-science research into reaction time, decision-making under pressure, and the physiology of stress, the book explains why goalkeepers guess more than they react, why some kickers are more predictable than they know, and why shooting first in a shootout carries a measurable advantage. It reconstructs football's most replayed shootouts, from Baggio's miss in the 1994 final to Argentina's 2022 triumph in Qatar, using each moment to illuminate the science behind it. Rigorous, accessible, and full of real games and real players, Twelve Yards turns football's shortest play into one of its richest stories.
Twelve Yards: The Penalty Kick. Psychology, Chance, and the Science Behind Football's Loneliest Shot. On paper it is the simplest act in football: one player, one goalkeeper, twelve yards, no defenders. In practice it is one of the sport's most psychologically loaded moments, and the subject of d...
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