In the scorching heat of Egypt's Valley of the Kings, beneath layers of sand and rubble that had accumulated over more than three millennia, lay one of history's most extraordinary secrets. The tomb of Tutankhamun, a pharaoh who ruled for barely a decade and died before his twentieth birthday, would become the most famous archaeological discovery of the twentieth century. Yet when he lived and reigned between approximately 1332 and 1323 BCE, this young king was considered relatively insignificant in the grand tapestry of Egyptian royal history.Tutankhamun ascended to the throne during one of ancient Egypt's most turbulent periods, inheriting a kingdom that had been shaken to its very foundations by religious revolution. His predecessor, the heretic pharaoh Akhenaten, had attempted to overturn thousands of years of Egyptian religious tradition by establishing the worship of a single deity, the Aten, while simultaneously moving the capital from Thebes to a new city called Akhetaten, modern-day Amarna. This radical departure from established customs had created deep divisions within Egyptian society, weakened the empire's international standing, and left the nation's traditional priesthood and nobility in a state of barely contained revolt.
In the scorching heat of Egypt's Valley of the Kings, beneath layers of sand and rubble that had accumulated over more than three millennia, lay one of history's most extraordinary secrets. The tomb of Tutankhamun, a pharaoh who ruled for barely a decade and died before his twentieth birthday, wo...