400 Academic Words: The Vocabulary of Essays, Reports and Exams

· Clear English Book 9 · Alex Carter
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67
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About this ebook

Academic English is not harder English. It is a narrower English, built out of a few thousand words that do almost all the work in essays, reports, dissertations and examination answers, and that hardly ever appear in conversation.


Four hundred of them are here, sorted by what they do rather than alphabetically. That is the whole design. A list running from abstract to yield is a dictionary with short definitions; it cannot tell you that when you need to concede a point you have admittedly, granted, notwithstanding, albeit and six others, or that they are not interchangeable.


Forty groups of ten across six parts: naming what you are doing to the material, comparing and structuring, evidence and argument, cause and change, quantity and certainty — including the hedging that defines the register — and research method. Every word comes with its part of speech, a definition written for academic use, and one sentence showing it in real register.


Each group closes with a trap: criterion against criteria, affect against effect, refute against deny, significant in its statistical sense, methodology against method. Twelve of them are collected on one page at the back, for the pass you make before handing work in.

Academic English is not harder English. It is a narrower English, built out of a few thousand words that do almost all the work in essays, reports, dissertations and examination answers, and that hardly ever appear in conversation. Four hundred of them are here, sorted by what they do rather tha...

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About the author

Alex Carter writes practical English books for people who use the language at work and in ordinary life rather than in a classroom. The books are built around complete examples — real emails, real conversations, real sentences — on the principle that one worked example teaches more than a page of rules.

Alex Carter writes practical English books for people who use the language at work and in ordinary life rather than in a classroom. The books are built around complete examples — real emails, real conversations, real sentences — on the principle that one worked example teaches more than a page of...

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