For three thousand years, Penelope has been called patient. It is time to call her something more accurate: brilliant. In Homer's Odyssey, while her husband Odysseus spent twenty years wandering the seas fighting monsters and consorting with goddesses, Penelope was left alone on the island of Ithaca with an infant son, a kingdom to run, and an increasingly aggressive crowd of suitors eating her out of house and home. She resisted them all. For two decades, without an army, without formal political authority, without the military tools that the heroic tradition celebrated, she held her household together and her husband's throne intact through pure, sustained, strategic intelligence. She wove a funeral shroud by day and unraveled it by night for three years — one of the great deceptions in literary history. She managed a household staff whose loyalties were compromised by the men occupying her dining room. She raised a son who needed her protection and simultaneously needed to outgrow her. She tested her returned husband as rigorously as a candidate for a post she was not certain he deserved, using a secret only the two of them could know. This is not the story of a woman who waited. This is the story of a woman who fought — with every tool her circumstances made available, with extraordinary discipline and extraordinary intelligence, for twenty years, without applause. BIO 360 reconstructs her life from its mythological roots in Sparta through the long siege of the suitors to the recognition scene that is one of literature's great reunions. It also confronts the alternative traditions — the ancient versions that tell a very different story — and examines Margaret Atwood's Penelopiad and what the feminist retelling reveals about what Homer left out. Penelope was always the hero. It just took a long time to notice.
For three thousand years, Penelope has been called patient. It is time to call her something more accurate: brilliant. In Homer's Odyssey, while her husband Odysseus spent twenty years wandering the seas fighting monsters and consorting with goddesses, Penelope was left alone on the island of Ith...